Data Nexus

Unit economics

How many months of a customer's contribution it takes to earn back what they cost to acquire.

Formula

Payback (months) = CAC ÷ (Monthly revenue per customer × Gross margin)

CAC
fully loaded acquisition cost

Monthly revenue per customer
ARPA for a subscription; AOV × monthly order rate for retail

Gross margin
as a fraction
01/What it means

LTV : CAC says whether the customer is worth buying. Payback says whether the company can afford to buy them now. A business can be healthy on the first and insolvent on the second, and the second is what kills it.

Payback is also the number that decides growth rate without financing: a company recycling cash in four months can grow roughly three times faster than the same company at twelve, on identical margins.

02/Worked

CAC
AED 400
Revenue per customer per month
AED 84
Gross margin
45 %

Payback = 400 ÷ (84 × 0.45) = 10.6 months. Every customer acquired is ten months of financed cost before they contribute anything, which sets how fast the company can grow without borrowing.

03/What people get wrong

Dividing CAC by revenue rather than by contribution shortens the apparent payback by exactly the cost of goods — commonly making a ten-month payback read as five, which is the difference between a business that can self-fund growth and one that cannot.

Next

The definitions are the easy part. Whether the figure on your dashboard was computed this way is a different question, and usually the more expensive one.